What is used to amplify echo signals from deeper structures that have undergone greater attenuation than echoes from shallow structures?

• A. Dynamic range
• B. Depth
• C. Time Gain Compensation
• D. Frame averaging

Answer: (C)

Echo strength fades as depth increases due to attenuation, so deeper echoes need extra amplification to become visible alongside shallow ones. Time Gain Compensation provides this depth-dependent boost by increasing gain for echoes that return later in time (i.e., from deeper tissue). It’s adjustable along the depth axis, letting you tailor amplification to the specific region being imaged. The other options don’t address depth-related attenuation: dynamic range controls overall brightness/contrast, depth is simply how far away structures are, and frame averaging reduces speckle noise by combining frames rather than compensating for depth loss.